When you (DKJ) said, “I am concerned to show continuity in the natural development of value that eventually emerges as moral in character, but until it shows active volition, value is only a metaphor.”
Who or what is the “it” showing active volition? Are you speaking about moral value or particular sorts of valuers? What is the criteria being used to determine what constitutes “active” volition? Who is the “determiner” of what constitutes “active” volition?
You used the examples of a plant turning its leaves to the sun and an amoeba absorbing nutrients but recoiling from toxins to illustrate a purely automatic “self-valuing.” How do you distinguish this as different than animals with complex, integrated nervous systems (who also avoid dangerous situations) having a sense of the world? How can you be certain that the plants and the amoeba, like animals, do not care what happens to them?
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